TanStack Start mit Bun verwenden

TanStack Start ist ein Full-Stack-Framework, das von TanStack Router angetrieben wird. Es unterstützt vollständige Dokument-SSR, Streaming, Server-Funktionen, Bündelung und mehr, angetrieben von TanStack Router und Vite.

Eine neue TanStack Start App erstellen

Verwenden Sie die interaktive CLI, um eine neue TanStack Start App zu erstellen.

bun create @tanstack/start@latest my-tanstack-app

Den Entwicklungsserver starten

Wechseln Sie in das Projektverzeichnis und starten Sie den Entwicklungsserver mit Bun.

cd my-tanstack-app
bun --bun run dev

Dies startet den Vite-Entwicklungsserver mit Bun.

Skripte in package.json aktualisieren

Ändern Sie das Feld scripts in Ihrer package.json, indem Sie die Vite-CLI-Befehle mit bun --bun präfixen. Dies stellt sicher, dass Bun die Vite-CLI für gängige Aufgaben wie dev, build und preview ausführt.

json

{
  "scripts": {
    "dev": "bun --bun vite dev", 
    "build": "bun --bun vite build", 
    "serve": "bun --bun vite preview"
  }
}

Hosting

Um Ihre TanStack Start App zu hosten, können Sie Nitro oder einen benutzerdefinierten Bun-Server für Produktions-Deployments verwenden.

Nitro

Nitro zu Ihrem Projekt hinzufügen

Fügen Sie Nitro zu Ihrem Projekt hinzu. Dieses Tool ermöglicht es Ihnen, Ihre TanStack Start App auf verschiedenen Plattformen zu deployen.

bun add nitro

Ihre `vite.config.ts`-Datei aktualisieren

Aktualisieren Sie Ihre vite.config.ts-Datei, um die erforderlichen Plugins für TanStack Start mit Bun einzuschließen.

// other imports...
import { nitro } from "nitro/vite"; 

const config = defineConfig({
  plugins: [
    tanstackStart(),
    nitro({ preset: "bun" }), 
    // other plugins...
  ],
});

export default config;

NOTE

Das `bun`-Preset ist optional, konfiguriert jedoch die Build-Ausgabe speziell für Buns Laufzeit.

Den Start-Befehl aktualisieren

Stellen Sie sicher, dass die Skripte build und start in Ihrer package.json-Datei vorhanden sind:

json

  {
    "scripts": {
      "build": "bun --bun vite build", 
      // Die .output-Dateien werden von Nitro erstellt, wenn Sie `bun run build` ausführen.
      // Nicht erforderlich beim Deployen auf Vercel.
      "start": "bun run .output/server/index.mjs"
    }
  }

NOTE

Sie benötigen das benutzerdefinierte `start`-Skript **nicht**, wenn Sie auf Vercel deployen.

Ihre App deployen

Sehen Sie sich einen unserer Leitfäden zum Deployen Ihrer App bei einem Hosting-Anbieter an.

NOTE

Wenn Sie auf Vercel deployen, können Sie entweder `"bunVersion": "1.x"` zu Ihrer `vercel.json`-Datei hinzufügen oder es zur `nitro`-Konfiguration in Ihrer `vite.config.ts`-Datei hinzufügen:

Warnung

Verwenden Sie nicht das bun Nitro-Preset beim Deployen auf Vercel.

export default defineConfig({
  plugins: [
    tanstackStart(),
    nitro({
      preset: "bun", 
      vercel: { 
        functions: { 
          runtime: "bun1.x", 
        }, 
    }, 
    }),
  ],
});

Benutzerdefinierter Server

NOTE

Diese benutzerdefinierte Server-Implementierung basiert auf [TanStacks Bun-Vorlage](https://github.com/TanStack/router/blob/main/examples/react/start-bun/server.ts). Sie bietet eine feinkörnige Kontrolle über das Bereitstellen statischer Assets, einschließlich konfigurierbarem Speichermanagement, das kleine Dateien zum schnellen Bereitstellen im Voraus lädt, während größere Dateien bei Bedarf bereitgestellt werden. Dieser Ansatz ist nützlich, wenn Sie eine präzise Kontrolle über die Ressourcennutzung und das Asset-Ladeverhalten in Produktions-Deployments benötigen.

Den Produktionsserver erstellen

Erstellen Sie eine server.ts-Datei in Ihrem Projektstammverzeichnis mit der folgenden benutzerdefinierten Server-Implementierung:

/**
* TanStack Start Production Server with Bun
*
* A high-performance production server for TanStack Start applications that
* implements intelligent static asset loading with configurable memory management.
*
* Features:
* - Hybrid loading strategy (preload small files, serve large files on-demand)
* - Configurable file filtering with include/exclude patterns
* - Memory-efficient response generation
* - Production-ready caching headers
*
* Environment Variables:
*
* PORT (number)
*   - Server port number
*   - Default: 3000
*
* ASSET_PRELOAD_MAX_SIZE (number)
*   - Maximum file size in bytes to preload into memory
*   - Files larger than this will be served on-demand from disk
*   - Default: 5242880 (5MB)
*   - Example: ASSET_PRELOAD_MAX_SIZE=5242880 (5MB)
*
* ASSET_PRELOAD_INCLUDE_PATTERNS (string)
*   - Comma-separated list of glob patterns for files to include
*   - If specified, only matching files are eligible for preloading
*   - Patterns are matched against filenames only, not full paths
*   - Example: ASSET_PRELOAD_INCLUDE_PATTERNS="*.js,*.css,*.woff2"
*
* ASSET_PRELOAD_EXCLUDE_PATTERNS (string)
*   - Comma-separated list of glob patterns for files to exclude
*   - Applied after include patterns
*   - Patterns are matched against filenames only, not full paths
*   - Example: ASSET_PRELOAD_EXCLUDE_PATTERNS="*.map,*.txt"
*
* ASSET_PRELOAD_VERBOSE_LOGGING (boolean)
*   - Enable detailed logging of loaded and skipped files
*   - Default: false
*   - Set to "true" to enable verbose output
*
* ASSET_PRELOAD_ENABLE_ETAG (boolean)
*   - Enable ETag generation for preloaded assets
*   - Default: true
*   - Set to "false" to disable ETag support
*
* ASSET_PRELOAD_ENABLE_GZIP (boolean)
*   - Enable Gzip compression for eligible assets
*   - Default: true
*   - Set to "false" to disable Gzip compression
*
* ASSET_PRELOAD_GZIP_MIN_SIZE (number)
*   - Minimum file size in bytes required for Gzip compression
*   - Files smaller than this will not be compressed
*   - Default: 1024 (1KB)
*
* ASSET_PRELOAD_GZIP_MIME_TYPES (string)
*   - Comma-separated list of MIME types eligible for Gzip compression
*   - Supports partial matching for types ending with "/"
*   - Default: text/,application/javascript,application/json,application/xml,image/svg+xml
*
* Usage:
*   bun run server.ts
*/

import path from 'node:path'

// Configuration
const SERVER_PORT = Number(process.env.PORT ?? 3000)
const CLIENT_DIRECTORY = './dist/client'
const SERVER_ENTRY_POINT = './dist/server/server.js'

// Logging utilities for professional output
const log = {
  info: (message: string) => {
    console.log(`[INFO] ${message}`)
  },
  success: (message: string) => {
    console.log(`[SUCCESS] ${message}`)
  },
  warning: (message: string) => {
    console.log(`[WARNING] ${message}`)
  },
  error: (message: string) => {
    console.log(`[ERROR] ${message}`)
  },
  header: (message: string) => {
    console.log(`\n${message}\n`)
  },
}

// Preloading configuration from environment variables
const MAX_PRELOAD_BYTES = Number(
  process.env.ASSET_PRELOAD_MAX_SIZE ?? 5 * 1024 * 1024, // 5MB default
)

// Parse comma-separated include patterns (no defaults)
const INCLUDE_PATTERNS = (process.env.ASSET_PRELOAD_INCLUDE_PATTERNS ?? '')
  .split(',')
  .map((s) => s.trim())
  .filter(Boolean)
  .map((pattern: string) => convertGlobToRegExp(pattern))

// Parse comma-separated exclude patterns (no defaults)
const EXCLUDE_PATTERNS = (process.env.ASSET_PRELOAD_EXCLUDE_PATTERNS ?? '')
  .split(',')
  .map((s) => s.trim())
  .filter(Boolean)
  .map((pattern: string) => convertGlobToRegExp(pattern))

// Verbose logging flag
const VERBOSE = process.env.ASSET_PRELOAD_VERBOSE_LOGGING === 'true'

// Optional ETag feature
const ENABLE_ETAG = (process.env.ASSET_PRELOAD_ENABLE_ETAG ?? 'true') === 'true'

// Optional Gzip feature
const ENABLE_GZIP = (process.env.ASSET_PRELOAD_ENABLE_GZIP ?? 'true') === 'true'
const GZIP_MIN_BYTES = Number(process.env.ASSET_PRELOAD_GZIP_MIN_SIZE ?? 1024) // 1KB
const GZIP_TYPES = (
  process.env.ASSET_PRELOAD_GZIP_MIME_TYPES ??
  'text/,application/javascript,application/json,application/xml,image/svg+xml'
)
  .split(',')
  .map((v) => v.trim())
  .filter(Boolean)

/**
* Convert a simple glob pattern to a regular expression
* Supports * wildcard for matching any characters
*/
function convertGlobToRegExp(globPattern: string): RegExp {
  // Escape regex special chars except *, then replace * with .*
  const escapedPattern = globPattern
    .replace(/[-/\\^$+?.()|[\]{}]/g, '\\$&')
    .replace(/\*/g, '.*')
  return new RegExp(`^${escapedPattern}$`, 'i')
}

/**
* Compute ETag for a given data buffer
*/
function computeEtag(data: Uint8Array): string {
  const hash = Bun.hash(data)
  return `W/"${hash.toString(16)}-${data.byteLength.toString()}"`
}

/**
* Metadata for preloaded static assets
*/
interface AssetMetadata {
  route: string
  size: number
  type: string
}

/**
* In-memory asset with ETag and Gzip support
*/
interface InMemoryAsset {
  raw: Uint8Array
  gz?: Uint8Array
  etag?: string
  type: string
  immutable: boolean
  size: number
}

/**
* Result of static asset preloading process
*/
interface PreloadResult {
  routes: Record<string, (req: Request) => Response | Promise<Response>>
  loaded: AssetMetadata[]
  skipped: AssetMetadata[]
}

/**
* Check if a file is eligible for preloading based on configured patterns
*/
function isFileEligibleForPreloading(relativePath: string): boolean {
  const fileName = relativePath.split(/[/\\]/).pop() ?? relativePath

  // If include patterns are specified, file must match at least one
  if (INCLUDE_PATTERNS.length > 0) {
    if (!INCLUDE_PATTERNS.some((pattern) => pattern.test(fileName))) {
      return false
    }
  }

  // If exclude patterns are specified, file must not match any
  if (EXCLUDE_PATTERNS.some((pattern) => pattern.test(fileName))) {
    return false
  }

  return true
}

/**
* Check if a MIME type is compressible
*/
function isMimeTypeCompressible(mimeType: string): boolean {
  return GZIP_TYPES.some((type) =>
    type.endsWith('/') ? mimeType.startsWith(type) : mimeType === type,
  )
}

/**
* Conditionally compress data based on size and MIME type
*/
function compressDataIfAppropriate(
  data: Uint8Array,
  mimeType: string,
): Uint8Array | undefined {
  if (!ENABLE_GZIP) return undefined
  if (data.byteLength < GZIP_MIN_BYTES) return undefined
  if (!isMimeTypeCompressible(mimeType)) return undefined
  try {
    return Bun.gzipSync(data.buffer as ArrayBuffer)
  } catch {
    return undefined
  }
}

/**
* Create response handler function with ETag and Gzip support
*/
function createResponseHandler(
  asset: InMemoryAsset,
): (req: Request) => Response {
  return (req: Request) => {
    const headers: Record<string, string> = {
      'Content-Type': asset.type,
      'Cache-Control': asset.immutable
        ? 'public, max-age=31536000, immutable'
        : 'public, max-age=3600',
    }

    if (ENABLE_ETAG && asset.etag) {
      const ifNone = req.headers.get('if-none-match')
      if (ifNone && ifNone === asset.etag) {
        return new Response(null, {
          status: 304,
          headers: { ETag: asset.etag },
        })
      }
      headers.ETag = asset.etag
    }

    if (
      ENABLE_GZIP &&
      asset.gz &&
      req.headers.get('accept-encoding')?.includes('gzip')
    ) {
      headers['Content-Encoding'] = 'gzip'
      headers['Content-Length'] = String(asset.gz.byteLength)
      const gzCopy = new Uint8Array(asset.gz)
      return new Response(gzCopy, { status: 200, headers })
    }

    headers['Content-Length'] = String(asset.raw.byteLength)
    const rawCopy = new Uint8Array(asset.raw)
    return new Response(rawCopy, { status: 200, headers })
  }
}

/**
* Create composite glob pattern from include patterns
*/
function createCompositeGlobPattern(): Bun.Glob {
  const raw = (process.env.ASSET_PRELOAD_INCLUDE_PATTERNS ?? '')
    .split(',')
    .map((s) => s.trim())
    .filter(Boolean)
  if (raw.length === 0) return new Bun.Glob('**/*')
  if (raw.length === 1) return new Bun.Glob(raw[0])
  return new Bun.Glob(`{${raw.join(',')}}`)
}

/**
* Initialize static routes with intelligent preloading strategy
* Small files are loaded into memory, large files are served on-demand
*/
async function initializeStaticRoutes(
  clientDirectory: string,
): Promise<PreloadResult> {
  const routes: Record<string, (req: Request) => Response | Promise<Response>> =
    {}
  const loaded: AssetMetadata[] = []
  const skipped: AssetMetadata[] = []

  log.info(`Loading static assets from ${clientDirectory}...`)
  if (VERBOSE) {
    console.log(
      `Max preload size: ${(MAX_PRELOAD_BYTES / 1024 / 1024).toFixed(2)} MB`,
    )
    if (INCLUDE_PATTERNS.length > 0) {
      console.log(
        `Include patterns: ${process.env.ASSET_PRELOAD_INCLUDE_PATTERNS ?? ''}`,
      )
    }
    if (EXCLUDE_PATTERNS.length > 0) {
      console.log(
        `Exclude patterns: ${process.env.ASSET_PRELOAD_EXCLUDE_PATTERNS ?? ''}`,
      )
    }
  }

  let totalPreloadedBytes = 0

  try {
    const glob = createCompositeGlobPattern()
    for await (const relativePath of glob.scan({ cwd: clientDirectory })) {
      const filepath = path.join(clientDirectory, relativePath)
      const route = `/${relativePath.split(path.sep).join(path.posix.sep)}`

      try {
        // Get file metadata
        const file = Bun.file(filepath)

        // Skip if file doesn't exist or is empty
        if (!(await file.exists()) || file.size === 0) {
          continue
        }

        const metadata: AssetMetadata = {
          route,
          size: file.size,
          type: file.type || 'application/octet-stream',
        }

        // Determine if file should be preloaded
        const matchesPattern = isFileEligibleForPreloading(relativePath)
        const withinSizeLimit = file.size <= MAX_PRELOAD_BYTES

        if (matchesPattern && withinSizeLimit) {
          // Preload small files into memory with ETag and Gzip support
          const bytes = new Uint8Array(await file.arrayBuffer())
          const gz = compressDataIfAppropriate(bytes, metadata.type)
          const etag = ENABLE_ETAG ? computeEtag(bytes) : undefined
          const asset: InMemoryAsset = {
            raw: bytes,
            gz,
            etag,
            type: metadata.type,
            immutable: true,
            size: bytes.byteLength,
          }
          routes[route] = createResponseHandler(asset)

          loaded.push({ ...metadata, size: bytes.byteLength })
          totalPreloadedBytes += bytes.byteLength
        } else {
          // Serve large or filtered files on-demand
          routes[route] = () => {
            const fileOnDemand = Bun.file(filepath)
            return new Response(fileOnDemand, {
              headers: {
                'Content-Type': metadata.type,
                'Cache-Control': 'public, max-age=3600',
              },
            })
          }

          skipped.push(metadata)
        }
      } catch (error: unknown) {
        if (error instanceof Error && error.name !== 'EISDIR') {
          log.error(`Failed to load ${filepath}: ${error.message}`)
        }
      }
    }

    // Show detailed file overview only when verbose mode is enabled
    if (VERBOSE && (loaded.length > 0 || skipped.length > 0)) {
      const allFiles = [...loaded, ...skipped].sort((a, b) =>
        a.route.localeCompare(b.route),
      )

      // Calculate max path length for alignment
      const maxPathLength = Math.min(
        Math.max(...allFiles.map((f) => f.route.length)),
        60,
      )

      // Format file size with KB and actual gzip size
      const formatFileSize = (bytes: number, gzBytes?: number) => {
        const kb = bytes / 1024
        const sizeStr = kb < 100 ? kb.toFixed(2) : kb.toFixed(1)

        if (gzBytes !== undefined) {
          const gzKb = gzBytes / 1024
          const gzStr = gzKb < 100 ? gzKb.toFixed(2) : gzKb.toFixed(1)
          return {
            size: sizeStr,
            gzip: gzStr,
          }
        }

        // Rough gzip estimation (typically 30-70% compression) if no actual gzip data
        const gzipKb = kb * 0.35
        return {
          size: sizeStr,
          gzip: gzipKb < 100 ? gzipKb.toFixed(2) : gzipKb.toFixed(1),
        }
      }

      if (loaded.length > 0) {
        console.log('\n📁 Preloaded into memory:')
        console.log(
          'Path                                          │    Size │ Gzip Size',
        )
        loaded
          .sort((a, b) => a.route.localeCompare(b.route))
          .forEach((file) => {
            const { size, gzip } = formatFileSize(file.size)
            const paddedPath = file.route.padEnd(maxPathLength)
            const sizeStr = `${size.padStart(7)} kB`
            const gzipStr = `${gzip.padStart(7)} kB`
            console.log(`${paddedPath} │ ${sizeStr} │  ${gzipStr}`)
          })
      }

      if (skipped.length > 0) {
        console.log('\n💾 Served on-demand:')
        console.log(
          'Path                                          │    Size │ Gzip Size',
        )
        skipped
          .sort((a, b) => a.route.localeCompare(b.route))
          .forEach((file) => {
            const { size, gzip } = formatFileSize(file.size)
            const paddedPath = file.route.padEnd(maxPathLength)
            const sizeStr = `${size.padStart(7)} kB`
            const gzipStr = `${gzip.padStart(7)} kB`
            console.log(`${paddedPath} │ ${sizeStr} │  ${gzipStr}`)
          })
      }
    }

    // Show detailed verbose info if enabled
    if (VERBOSE) {
      if (loaded.length > 0 || skipped.length > 0) {
        const allFiles = [...loaded, ...skipped].sort((a, b) =>
          a.route.localeCompare(b.route),
        )
        console.log('\n📊 Detailed file information:')
        console.log(
          'Status       │ Path                            │ MIME Type                    │ Reason',
        )
        allFiles.forEach((file) => {
          const isPreloaded = loaded.includes(file)
          const status = isPreloaded ? 'MEMORY' : 'ON-DEMAND'
          const reason =
            !isPreloaded && file.size > MAX_PRELOAD_BYTES
              ? 'too large'
              : !isPreloaded
                ? 'filtered'
                : 'preloaded'
          const route =
            file.route.length > 30
              ? file.route.substring(0, 27) + '...'
              : file.route
          console.log(
            `${status.padEnd(12)} │ ${route.padEnd(30)} │ ${file.type.padEnd(28)} │ ${reason.padEnd(10)}`,
          )
        })
      } else {
        console.log('\n📊 No files found to display')
      }
    }

    // Log summary after the file list
    console.log() // Empty line for separation
    if (loaded.length > 0) {
      log.success(
        `Preloaded ${String(loaded.length)} files (${(totalPreloadedBytes / 1024 / 1024).toFixed(2)} MB) into memory`,
      )
    } else {
      log.info('No files preloaded into memory')
    }

    if (skipped.length > 0) {
      const tooLarge = skipped.filter((f) => f.size > MAX_PRELOAD_BYTES).length
      const filtered = skipped.length - tooLarge
      log.info(
        `${String(skipped.length)} files will be served on-demand (${String(tooLarge)} too large, ${String(filtered)} filtered)`,
      )
    }
  } catch (error) {
    log.error(
      `Failed to load static files from ${clientDirectory}: ${String(error)}`,
    )
  }

  return { routes, loaded, skipped }
}

/**
* Initialize the server
*/
async function initializeServer() {
  log.header('Starting Production Server')

  // Load TanStack Start server handler
  let handler: { fetch: (request: Request) => Response | Promise<Response> }
  try {
    const serverModule = (await import(SERVER_ENTRY_POINT)) as {
      default: { fetch: (request: Request) => Response | Promise<Response> }
    }
    handler = serverModule.default
    log.success('TanStack Start application handler initialized')
  } catch (error) {
    log.error(`Failed to load server handler: ${String(error)}`)
    process.exit(1)
  }

  // Build static routes with intelligent preloading
  const { routes } = await initializeStaticRoutes(CLIENT_DIRECTORY)

  // Create Bun server
  const server = Bun.serve({
    port: SERVER_PORT,

    routes: {
      // Serve static assets (preloaded or on-demand)
      ...routes,

      // Fallback to TanStack Start handler for all other routes
      '/*': (req: Request) => {
        try {
          return handler.fetch(req)
        } catch (error) {
          log.error(`Server handler error: ${String(error)}`)
          return new Response('Internal Server Error', { status: 500 })
        }
      },
    },

    // Global error handler
    error(error) {
      log.error(
        `Uncaught server error: ${error instanceof Error ? error.message : String(error)}`,
      )
      return new Response('Internal Server Error', { status: 500 })
    },
  })

  log.success(`Server listening on http://localhost:${String(server.port)}`)
}

// Initialize the server
initializeServer().catch((error: unknown) => {
  log.error(`Failed to start server: ${String(error)}`)
  process.exit(1)
})

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package.json-Skripte aktualisieren

Fügen Sie ein start-Skript hinzu, um den benutzerdefinierten Server auszuführen:

json

{
  "scripts": {
    "build": "bun --bun vite build",
    "start": "bun run server.ts"
  }
}

Bauen und Ausführen

Erstellen Sie Ihre Anwendung und starten Sie den Server:

bun run build
bun run start

Der Server startet standardmäßig auf Port 3000 (konfigurierbar über die Umgebungsvariable PORT).

Vorlagen

→ Siehe TanStack Starts offizielle Dokumentation für weitere Informationen zum Hosting.

Eine neue TanStack Start App erstellen ​

Den Entwicklungsserver starten ​

Skripte in package.json aktualisieren ​

Hosting ​

Nitro ​

Nitro zu Ihrem Projekt hinzufügen ​

Ihre vite.config.ts-Datei aktualisieren ​

Den Start-Befehl aktualisieren ​

Ihre App deployen ​

Benutzerdefinierter Server ​

Den Produktionsserver erstellen ​

package.json-Skripte aktualisieren ​

Bauen und Ausführen ​

Vorlagen ​

Eine neue TanStack Start App erstellen

Den Entwicklungsserver starten

Skripte in package.json aktualisieren

Hosting

Nitro

Nitro zu Ihrem Projekt hinzufügen

Ihre `vite.config.ts`-Datei aktualisieren

Den Start-Befehl aktualisieren

Ihre App deployen

Benutzerdefinierter Server

Den Produktionsserver erstellen

package.json-Skripte aktualisieren

Bauen und Ausführen

Vorlagen